IT | OSI & TCP/IP Models
OSI & TCP/IP Models – 50 One-Liner Q&A
OSI Model Basics
Q.1. What does OSI stand for?
Ans. Open Systems Interconnection.
Q.2. OSI model was developed by?
Ans. ISO (International Organization for Standardization).
Q.3. OSI model has how many layers?
Ans. 7 Layers.
Q.4. Which OSI layer is closest to the user?
Ans. Application Layer.
Q.5. Which OSI layer is closest to hardware?
Ans. Physical Layer.
7 Layers of OSI Model
Q.6. Name the 7 layers of OSI in order.
Ans. Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical.
Q.7. Which OSI layer handles encryption and decryption?
Ans. Presentation Layer.
Q.8. Which OSI layer establishes, manages, and terminates sessions?
Ans. Session Layer.
Q.9. Which OSI layer ensures error-free delivery of data?
Ans. Transport Layer.
Q.10. Which OSI layer decides the path for data transmission?
Ans. Network Layer.
Q.11. Which OSI layer deals with framing and error detection?
Ans. Data Link Layer.
Q.12. Which OSI layer defines cables, signals, and bits?
Ans. Physical Layer.
Protocols in OSI Layers
Q.13. Example of protocol in Application Layer?
Ans. HTTP, FTP, SMTP.
Q.14. Example of protocol in Transport Layer?
Ans. TCP, UDP.
Q.15. Example of protocol in Network Layer?
Ans. IP (IPv4/IPv6).
Q.16. Example of protocol in Data Link Layer?
Ans. Ethernet, PPP.
Q.17. Example of protocol in Physical Layer?
Ans. RS-232, DSL, Bluetooth.
TCP/IP Model Basics
Q.18. What does TCP/IP stand for?
Ans. Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol.
Q.19. TCP/IP model was developed by?
Ans. DARPA (U.S. Department of Defense).
Q.20. TCP/IP model has how many layers?
Ans. 4 Layers.
Q.21. Name the 4 layers of TCP/IP.
Ans. Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access.
Q.22. Which TCP/IP layer corresponds to OSI’s Application, Presentation, and Session layers?
Ans. Application Layer.
Q.23. Which TCP/IP layer corresponds to OSI’s Network Layer?
Ans. Internet Layer.
Q.24. Which TCP/IP layer corresponds to OSI’s Transport Layer?
Ans. Transport Layer.
Q.25. Which TCP/IP layer corresponds to OSI’s Physical & Data Link layers?
Ans. Network Access Layer.
Protocols in TCP/IP
Q.26. Which protocol provides reliable communication in TCP/IP?
Ans. TCP.
Q.27. Which protocol provides connectionless communication in TCP/IP?
Ans. UDP.
Q.28. Which protocol is used for email transmission?
Ans. SMTP.
Q.29. Which protocol is used to fetch emails from the server?
Ans. POP3 / IMAP.
Q.30. Which protocol is used for secure web browsing?
Ans. HTTPS.
Comparison: OSI vs TCP/IP
Q.31. How many layers in OSI model?
Ans. 7 Layers.
Q.32. How many layers in TCP/IP model?
Ans. 4 Layers.
Q.33. Which model is theoretical and used for reference?
Ans. OSI Model.
Q.34. Which model is practical and used in real networks?
Ans. TCP/IP Model.
Q.35. Which OSI layers are combined into TCP/IP Application Layer?
Ans. Application, Presentation, Session.
Q.36. Which OSI layers are combined into TCP/IP Network Access Layer?
Ans. Data Link, Physical.
Ports & Addressing
Q.37. What is a port number in networking?
Ans. Logical address for specific processes.
Q.38. Port number of HTTP?
Ans. 80.
Q.39. Port number of HTTPS?
Ans. 443.
Q.40. Port number of FTP?
Ans. 21.
Q.41. Port number of SMTP?
Ans. 25.
Q.42. Port number of DNS?
Ans. 53.
Q.43. Port number of SSH?
Ans. 22.
Q.44. Port number of Telnet?
Ans. 23.
Miscellaneous
Q.45. Which layer is responsible for logical addressing (IP)?
Ans. Network Layer.
Q.46. Which layer is responsible for physical addressing (MAC)?
Ans. Data Link Layer.
Q.47. What is encapsulation in networking?
Ans. Wrapping data with headers at each OSI layer.
Q.48. What is decapsulation in networking?
Ans. Removing headers at the receiving end.
Q.49. Which protocol resolves IP to MAC address?
Ans. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol).
Q.50. Which protocol resolves domain names to IP addresses?
Ans. DNS (Domain Name System).
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