📘 Class 12 Geography: Quick Revision Notes
🧠 Quick Revision Notes
The total number of people residing in a defined area.
- ➡️ India is the most populous country in the world (post-2023).
The way people are spread over a given area.
- 🔹 Causes of Uneven Distribution: Geographical factors (climate, land, water), Economic factors (agriculture, industry, transport), Social and Historical factors.
- 🔹 Densely Populated Areas: Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, Coastal areas, Metropolitan cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata).
- 🔹 Sparsely Populated Areas: Himalayan region, Thar Desert, North-Eastern hilly areas.
The number of people living per square kilometer area.
- ➡️ India's Average Population Density (2011): 382 persons/sq km.
The change in the number of people in a defined area during a specific time period.
- 🔹 Natural Growth = Birth Rate – Death Rate
- 🔹 Actual Growth = Natural Growth + Migration (Immigration - Emigration)
- ➡️ India's population growth rate is showing a declining trend.
High Birth Rate, Improvement in health facilities, Decrease in Death Rate, Social customs/traditions.
The structure of the population based on age, sex, education, occupation, etc.
- 🔹 Key Components: Age structure, Sex Ratio, Literacy Rate, Working Population.
The number of females per 1000 males.
- ➡️ India's Sex Ratio (2011): 943 females / 1000 males.
The percentage of literate people aged 7 years or above.
- ➡️ India's Literacy Rate (2011): 74.04%.
The population in the 15–59 years age group engaged in economic activities.
Classification of Population based on:
- Rural and Urban
- Economic Activities (Occupational Structure)
- Social Structure
📘 20 Important MCQs (With Answers)
1️⃣ What is the correct formula for Population Density?
✅ Answer: C
2️⃣ How is the distribution of population in India?
✅ Answer: B
3️⃣ Which of the following is the most densely populated area?
✅ Answer: C
4️⃣ What was the average population density of India (2011)?
✅ Answer: C
5️⃣ What is the main cause of population growth?
✅ Answer: C
6️⃣ How is natural population growth calculated?
✅ Answer: B
7️⃣ Which of the following is a sparsely populated area?
✅ Answer: C
8️⃣ What is the meaning of Sex Ratio?
✅ Answer: A (Note: The Hindi original was "प्रति 1000 पुरुषों पर महिलाएँ," which is correct for India, but the standard geographical definition is often the other way around in some contexts. Sticking to the text: **Females per 1000 males** is correct for the Indian context.)
9️⃣ What was the Sex Ratio of India (2011)?
✅ Answer: C
🔟 What was the Literacy Rate of India (2011)?
✅ Answer: D
1️⃣1️⃣ Which of the following is the Working Population age group?
✅ Answer: B
1️⃣2️⃣ Which is NOT a component of Population Composition?
✅ Answer: D
1️⃣3️⃣ Actual Population Growth includes—
✅ Answer: C
1️⃣4️⃣ Which of the following does NOT affect population distribution?
✅ Answer: D
1️⃣5️⃣ What is the trend of India's population growth rate?
✅ Answer: C
1️⃣6️⃣ What is the main occupation of the rural population?
✅ Answer: C
1️⃣7️⃣ Which of the following is a densely populated state?
✅ Answer: B
1️⃣8️⃣ Which is NOT a basis for Population Organisation?
✅ Answer: D
1️⃣9️⃣ The study of population is done in which science?
✅ Answer: C
2️⃣0️⃣ The main objective of India's population policy is—
✅ Answer: C
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