🚀Chapter 7: Transport & Communication | Special Quick Revision Notes for MP BOARD and CBSE BOARD Exam 2026

Chapter 7 Revision Notes | Geography Class 12

Author ✍️ R. Littey

BLOG MPSELECTIONPOINT

🚀 Chapter 7: Transport & Communication

Ultra Revision Notes (Exam-2026)

1. Introduction

Transport and communication are considered the Lifelines of a country. They facilitate the flow of goods, services, and information.

• Transport: Movement of people and goods.
• Communication: Transmission of ideas and messages.

2. Need and Importance

Transporting raw materials to industries.
Reducing regional inequalities.
Crucial for National Integration and Globalization.

3. Modes of Transport

(A) Land Transport

1. Roadways: Most flexible; Door-to-door service.

Type	Feature
NH	Connect Capitals/Major Ports
Rural	Connected via PMGSY scheme

MP Fact: NH-3 (Agra-Mumbai) is the lifeline of MP.

2. Railways: Best for heavy goods and long distances.

• Broad Gauge: 1.676m (Dominant in India).
• MP Hub: Itarsi is the largest junction in MP.

(B) Water Transport

Cheapest and eco-friendly. Divided into Inland (Rivers) and Oceanic (International Trade).

(C) Air Transport

Fastest but expensive. Vital for disaster management.

4. Pipeline Transport

Used for liquids (oil, water) and gases. Uninterrupted flow regardless of weather.

HBJ Pipeline: Hazira–Bijaipur–Jagdishpur.
MP Center: Bijaipur (Guna district).

5. Communication

Types:

Personal: Mobile, Email, Social Media.
Mass: Radio, TV, Newspaper, Internet.

Digital India and 5G are the modern backbones.

6. Distribution in India

Region	Network Status
Northern Plains	Dense Road & Rail
Himalayas	Sparse (Roads dominant)

MP is a land-locked state, relying heavily on Road/Rail.

7. Factors Affecting Transport

1. Relief: Easy to build in plains.
2. Climate: Affects Air and Road travel.
3. Economic Dev: Industrial areas have denser networks.

8. Relation with Economy

Reduces production costs, expands markets, and generates employment.

9. Key Schemes & Terms

• Golden Quadrilateral: Connects Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata.
• PMGSY: Rural road connectivity.
• NW-1: Ganga river (Haldia to Prayagraj).

10. Environment & Transport

Roads/Air contribute to CO₂ emissions. Waterways and Railways are relatively greener.

11. Role in National Security

Essential for troop movement and strategic intelligence communication during conflicts.

🧠 Super Revision Summary

Transport = Physical connectivity. Communication = Information connectivity. Road = Flexible, Rail = Bulk, Water = Cheap, Air = Fast, Pipeline = Liquids/Gases.

Chapter 7 One-Liners | Geography Class 12