FIGURES OF SPEECH (Poetic Devices)

MPSelectionPoint December 06, 2025

🌟 FULL FIGURES OF SPEECH (Poetic Devices)

1. Alliteration

Meaning

Repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words.

Hindi

एक ही व्यंजन ध्वनि का पास-पास दोहराव।

Purpose

Makes lines musical and memorable.

Examples

  1. Sweet songs of summer filled the sky.
  2. Peter Piper picked a peck of peppers.
  3. The wild winds whispered.
  4. Deep darkness descended.
  5. Busy bees buzz busily.

2. Assonance

Meaning

Repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words.

Hindi

स्वर ध्वनियों का दोहराव।

Examples

  1. The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain.
  2. Hear the mellow wedding bells.
  3. A host of golden daffodils.
  4. Try to light the fire.
  5. Men sell wedding bells.

3. Consonance

Meaning

Repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or end of words.

Hindi

शब्दों के मध्य या अंत में व्यंजन ध्वनि का दोहराव।

Examples

  1. I think I like the black jacket.
  2. Lumpy bumpy road.
  3. The string was strong.
  4. Dawn goes down to day.
  5. Blank and think, spelled and scald.

4. Simile

Meaning

Comparison between two things using like / as.

Hindi

‘जैसे/जैसा’ का उपयोग करके तुलना।

Examples

  1. He fights like a lion.
  2. Her face is as bright as the sun.
  3. Life is like a dream.
  4. She is as cool as ice.
  5. He stood firm like a rock.

5. Metaphor

Meaning

Direct comparison—saying one thing is another (without like/as).

Hindi

बिना जैसे/जैसा के तुलना।

Examples

  1. Life is a journey.
  2. Time is a thief.
  3. The world is a stage.
  4. He is a shining star.
  5. Hope is a thing with feathers — Emily Dickinson.

6. Personification

Meaning

Giving human qualities to non-human objects or ideas.

Hindi

निर्जीव वस्तुओं को मानव जैसे गुण देना।

Examples

  1. The wind whispered.
  2. The sun smiled.
  3. Time marches on.
  4. The flowers danced.
  5. Death knocked.

7. Hyperbole

Meaning

Extreme exaggeration (not literal).

Hindi

अतिशयोक्ति—बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर कहना।

Examples

  1. I told you a million times.
  2. She cried rivers.
  3. This bag weighs a ton.
  4. I’m starving.
  5. He runs faster than the wind.

8. Oxymoron

Meaning

Two opposite words appear together.

Hindi

विपरीत अर्थ वाले शब्दों का साथ-साथ प्रयोग।

Examples

  1. Sweet sorrow
  2. Deafening silence
  3. Living dead
  4. Bitter sweet
  5. Pretty ugly

9. Onomatopoeia

Meaning

Words that imitate natural sound.

Hindi

ध्वनि की नकल करने वाले शब्द।

Examples

  1. Buzz
  2. Hiss
  3. Splash
  4. Boom
  5. Bang

10. Apostrophe

Meaning

Addressing an absent person, dead person, or non-living object as if present.

Hindi

अनुपस्थित या निर्जीव को संबोधित करना।

Examples

  1. O Death, where is thy sting?
  2. O Moon, guide me.
  3. O Freedom!
  4. O Nature!
  5. O Love!

11. Metonymy

Meaning

One word represents something closely related.

Hindi

संबंधित वस्तु के लिए दूसरा शब्द प्रयोग।

Examples

  1. The crown = king/queen
  2. The White House = US government
  3. The pen is mightier than the sword.
  4. Hollywood = film industry
  5. The stage = theatre world

12. Synecdoche

Meaning

A part represents the whole or whole for part.

Hindi

भाग द्वारा पूर्ण या पूर्ण द्वारा भाग का संकेत।

Examples

  1. All hands on deck. (hands= sailors)
  2. Bread = livelihood
  3. Wheels = car
  4. India won the match. (team)
  5. Heads = people

13. Irony

Meaning

Opposite of what is said; hidden meaning different from literal.

Hindi

उलटा अर्थ—कुछ कहना पर मतलब कुछ और।

Examples

  1. A fire station burns down.
  2. A pilot fears heights.
  3. The teacher said, “Oh great! Another test!”
  4. The lifeguard drowned.
  5. A marriage counselor gets divorced.

14. Paradox

Meaning

Statement that seems impossible but contains truth.

Hindi

विरोधाभास—पहली नजर में गलत, पर अर्थपूर्ण।

Examples

  1. I must be cruel to be kind.
  2. The child is the father of the man.
  3. Less is more.
  4. Silence speaks.
  5. The beginning of the end.

15. Enjambment

Meaning

Continuation of sentence without pause or punctuation.

Hindi

बिना रुकावट के पंक्ति को आगे बढ़ाना।

Examples

Used by Wordsworth, Shelley, Milton, Eliot etc.

16. Caesura

Meaning

Natural or punctuated pause within a line.

Hindi

कविता की पंक्ति में रुकावट / ठहराव।

17. Anaphora

Meaning

Repetition of the same word at the beginning of lines.

Hindi

पंक्तियों की शुरुआत में शब्द दोहराना।

🎯 BEST WAY TO REMEMBER FIGURES OF SPEECH

Sound Devices Comparison Imagination Emphasis
Alliteration Simile Personification Hyperbole
Assonance Metaphor Symbolism Irony
Consonance Apostrophe Imagery Paradox


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