मध्य प्रदेश प्राथमिक शिक्षक चयन परीक्षा 2025 हेतु विस्तारपूर्वक व्याख्या और उदाहरणों सहित
🔵 1. What is a Verb? (क्रिया किसे कहते हैं?)
Definition (परिभाषा):
A verb is a word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being.
क्रिया वह शब्द होती है जो किसी कार्य (Action), स्थिति (Condition) या अवस्था (Being) को प्रकट करती है।
✅ उदाहरण (Examples):
- Ram runs fast. (राम तेज़ दौड़ता है।) → runs = action
- She is happy. (वह खुश है।) → is = state of being
- It rained yesterday. (कल बारिश हुई थी।) → rained = occurrence
🔵 2. Types of Verbs (क्रियाओं के प्रकार)
1️⃣ Main Verb (Principal Verb / मुख्य क्रिया)
जो वाक्य में मुख्य कार्य बताती है।
Examples:
- He eats mangoes.
- They play football.
- She writes a letter.
2️⃣ Helping Verb (Auxiliary Verb / सहायक क्रिया)
जो मुख्य क्रिया की सहायता करती है (Tense, Mood, Voice आदि बताने में)।
Be, Do, Have तथा will, shall, may, can, must आदि सहायक क्रियाएँ हैं।
Examples:
- She is reading a book.
- They have done their work.
- I will go tomorrow.
3️⃣ Transitive Verb (सकर्मक क्रिया)
वह क्रिया जिसके बाद कर्म (Object) आता है।
Examples:
- He reads a book.
- She wrote a letter.
- I bought a car.
4️⃣ Intransitive Verb (अकर्मक क्रिया)
वह क्रिया जिसका कोई कर्म (Object) नहीं होता।
Examples:
- He sleeps well.
- Birds fly in the sky.
- She cries loudly.
5️⃣ Regular Verbs (नियमित क्रिया)
जिनकी Past और Past Participle में -ed जोड़कर रूप बनता है।
Examples:
- Play → Played → Played
- Walk → Walked → Walked
- Clean → Cleaned → Cleaned
6️⃣ Irregular Verbs (अनियमित क्रिया)
जिनके Past और Past participle रूप में परिवर्तन नियमबद्ध नहीं होता।
Examples:
- Go → Went → Gone
- Eat → Ate → Eaten
- Write → Wrote → Written
🔵 3. Forms of Verbs (क्रिया के रूप)
➤ Base Form (V1): go, eat, play
➤ Past Tense (V2): went, ate, played
➤ Past Participle (V3): gone, eaten, played
➤ Present Participle (V4): going, eating, playing
➤ 'S' Form (V5): goes, eats, plays
🔵 4. Use of Verb in Tenses (कालों में क्रिया का प्रयोग)
| Tense | Example | Verb Used |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | I read books. | read (V1) |
| Past Simple | He ate an apple. | ate (V2) |
| Future Simple | They will go there. | will + V1 |
| Present Continuous | She is writing. | is + V4 |
| Present Perfect | I have seen it. | have + V3 |
🔵 5. Common Verb + Object Examples (Transitive Verbs)
| Verb | Object | Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| eat | food | He eats food. |
| write | letter | She writes a letter. |
| read | book | I read a book. |
🔵 6. Important Tips for Exam (परीक्षा हेतु सुझाव)
✅ क्रिया की पहचान करें: क्या वाक्य में Action, State या Condition बताया जा रहा है?
✅ सहायक क्रिया और मुख्य क्रिया को अलग-अलग पहचानें।
✅ Transitive और Intransitive क्रिया में अंतर समझें।
✅ Regular और Irregular Verbs की सूची याद करें।
✅ Tense के अनुसार सही रूप चुनें (V1, V2, V3...)।
📌 Practice Exercise (अभ्यास हेतु प्रश्न)
Q1. Choose the correct verb form:
She ____ a story now.
(a) write
(b) writing
(c) is writing ✅
(d) written
Q2. Identify the verb:
They play cricket every Sunday.
Answer: play (Main Verb)
Q3. What type of verb is used in the sentence:
He sleeps peacefully.
Answer: Intransitive Verb
Subject-Verb Agreement (कर्ता-क्रिया में मेल)
📘 मध्य प्रदेश प्राथमिक शिक्षक चयन परीक्षा 2025 हेतु विस्तारपूर्वक व्याख्या और उदाहरणों सहित
📌 1. परिचय (Introduction):
Subject-Verb Agreement का अर्थ है:
वाक्य में कर्ता (Subject) और क्रिया (Verb) के बीच वचन (Singular/Plural) का मेल होना चाहिए।
👉 यदि Subject एकवचन (Singular) है, तो Verb भी एकवचन (Singular) होगी।
👉 यदि Subject बहुवचन (Plural) है, तो Verb भी बहुवचन (Plural) होगी।
✅ 2. मूल नियम (Basic Rule):
🔹 Singular Subject → Singular Verb
🔹 Plural Subject → Plural Verb
🔹 Examples:
- He walks to school. ✅ (He = Singular, walks = Singular Verb)
- They walk to school. ✅ (They = Plural, walk = Plural Verb)
📚 3. सामान्य नियम (Common Rules):
🔸 Rule 1: दो अलग-अलग कर्ता (Subject) 'and' से जुड़े हों → Verb बहुवचन
Example:
- Ram and Shyam are good friends. ✅
(यहाँ दो कर्ता हैं, इसलिए क्रिया "are" बहुवचन में है)
🔸 Rule 2: 'Each', 'Every', 'Either', 'Neither' → हमेशा एकवचन माने जाते हैं
Examples:
- Each boy has a book. ✅
- Neither of the answers is correct. ✅
🔸 Rule 3: Collective Nouns (समूहवाचक संज्ञा) → एकवचन मानी जाती है
Examples:
- The team is playing well. ✅
- The committee has decided. ✅
(हालांकि British English में कभी-कभी इसे plural भी माना जाता है)
🔸 Rule 4: Uncountable Nouns (अगणनीय संज्ञा) → Singular Verb के साथ प्रयोग होते हैं
Examples:
- Milk is good for health. ✅
- Information was given yesterday. ✅
🔸 Rule 5: Plural nouns that look singular → Plural Verb
Examples:
- Scissors are sharp. ✅
- Glasses are on the table. ✅
🔸 Rule 6: Distance, Time, Money → Singular Verb
Examples:
- Ten kilometers is a long walk. ✅
- Five rupees is not enough. ✅
🧠 4. विशेष सावधानियाँ (Special Notes)
| शब्द | Verb | उदाहरण |
|---|---|---|
| News | Singular | The news is shocking. |
| Mathematics | Singular | Mathematics is difficult. |
| Politics | Singular | Politics is boring to me. |
📝 5. Practice Examples (अभ्यास उदाहरण)
Fill in the blanks with the correct verb:
-
The boys ____ playing in the field.
➡️ are -
She ____ reading a novel.
➡️ is -
Either of the pens ____ useful.
➡️ is -
Ram and Shyam ____ gone to school.
➡️ have -
Ten rupees ____ enough for tea.
➡️ is
🧪 6. परीक्षा के लिए जरूरी टिप्स (Exam-Oriented Tips)
✅ कर्ता और क्रिया को पहचानना सीखें
✅ Subject के Singular या Plural होने पर ध्यान दें
✅ 'And', 'Or', 'Each', 'Every', 'Neither', 'Either' जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें
✅ अभ्यास के लिए रोज़ 5–10 वाक्य Subject-Verb Agreement के बनाएँ
🎯 निष्कर्ष (Conclusion):
Subject-Verb Agreement अंग्रेजी व्याकरण का अत्यंत मूलभूत और स्कोरिंग टॉपिक है।
यदि आप इसके नियमों और अपवादों को ध्यानपूर्वक समझ लें, तो परीक्षा में इस पर आधारित सभी प्रश्न आसानी से हल किए जा सकते हैं।
यहाँ Verbs और Subject-Verb Agreement पर आधारित 20 बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न (MCQs) दिए गए हैं, जो मध्य प्रदेश प्राथमिक शिक्षक चयन परीक्षा 2025 के लिए उपयोगी हैं:
🔵 Section 1: Verbs (क्रिया) – 10 MCQs
Q1. Which of the following is a verb?
A) Quickly
B) Run ✅
C) Happy
D) Tall
Q2. Identify the main verb in the sentence: She is singing a song.
A) is
B) singing ✅
C) she
D) song
Q3. Which of these is a helping verb?
A) Play
B) Reads
C) Has ✅
D) Walk
Q4. Choose the transitive verb:
A) Sleep
B) Sit
C) Eat ✅
D) Cry
Q5. Which sentence contains an intransitive verb?
A) He eats rice.
B) She wrote a letter.
C) They run fast. ✅
D) I bought a car.
Q6. What is the past form of the verb go?
A) Go
B) Going
C) Gone
D) Went ✅
Q7. Which of the following is a regular verb?
A) Go
B) Play ✅
C) Eat
D) Write
Q8. He has ____ his homework. (Choose correct verb form)
A) do
B) did
C) done ✅
D) does
Q9. Which is the past participle form of write?
A) Write
B) Wrote
C) Written ✅
D) Writing
Q10. Choose the correct verb: She ____ to the market every day.
A) go
B) goes ✅
C) going
D) gone
🔵 Section 2: Subject-Verb Agreement – 10 MCQs
Q11. He ____ a doctor.
A) are
B) is ✅
C) am
D) were
Q12. The boys ____ playing cricket.
A) is
B) are ✅
C) was
D) has
Q13. Each student ____ a pen.
A) have
B) are
C) has ✅
D) do
Q14. Ram and Shyam ____ best friends.
A) is
B) has
C) are ✅
D) was
Q15. Neither of the books ____ useful.
A) are
B) is ✅
C) were
D) have
Q16. Ten rupees ____ enough.
A) are
B) is ✅
C) were
D) be
Q17. The team ____ practicing well.
A) are
B) is ✅
C) were
D) have
Q18. Mathematics ____ an interesting subject.
A) are
B) is ✅
C) were
D) have
Q19. She ____ to school regularly.
A) go
B) goes ✅
C) going
D) gone
Q20. I ____ reading a novel.
A) is
B) am ✅
C) are
D) has
✅

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