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Class 12 | Lesson 4 – The Enemy ✍️ Author: Pearl S. Buck

 

Class 12 English Vistas – The Enemy | MCQs & Summary

📘 Class 12 English (Vistas)

Lesson 4 – The Enemy

✍️ Author: Pearl S. Buck

🔹 Summary (English)

The Enemy is a powerful story set in Japan during the Second World War. It focuses on the conflict between humanity and nationalism.

The story revolves around Dr. Sadao Hoki, a Japanese surgeon, and his wife Hana. One day, they find a badly wounded American soldier washed ashore near their house. According to Japanese law, helping an enemy soldier is a serious crime. Dr. Sadao struggles with a moral dilemma—whether to obey his country’s law or follow his duty as a doctor.

Despite the risk, Dr. Sadao decides to operate on the soldier and save his life. His servants strongly oppose this act and later leave the house in protest. Dr. Sadao informs the Japanese General about the enemy soldier. The General promises to send assassins but fails to do so.

Realizing that the soldier’s presence is dangerous for everyone, Dr. Sadao secretly helps the American soldier escape by giving him food, clothes, and a boat. After the soldier leaves, Dr. Sadao feels relieved but also reflects on the General’s failure and the true meaning of loyalty and humanity.

The story highlights that compassion and professional ethics are greater than blind patriotism.

🔹 Analysis (English)

Themes:
  • Humanity vs Nationalism
  • Moral responsibility
  • Professional ethics of a doctor
  • War and its impact on human values
Character Analysis:
  • Dr. Sadao: Torn between national duty and humanity; symbol of moral courage.
  • Hana: Supportive, compassionate wife.
  • American Soldier: Symbol of universal humanity.
  • The General: Represents hypocrisy and weakness of authority.
Message:

Human life is sacred and moral duty should not be sacrificed for blind nationalism.

🔹 सारांश (Hindi)

“The Enemy” द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध की पृष्ठभूमि पर आधारित एक संवेदनशील कहानी है, जो मानवता और राष्ट्रवाद के संघर्ष को दर्शाती है।

कहानी के मुख्य पात्र डॉ. सादाओ होकी एक जापानी सर्जन हैं, जो अपनी पत्नी हाना के साथ समुद्र किनारे रहते हैं। एक दिन उन्हें एक गंभीर रूप से घायल अमेरिकी सैनिक मिलता है। जापानी कानून के अनुसार दुश्मन सैनिक की मदद करना अपराध है।

डॉ. सादाओ के सामने नैतिक दुविधा उत्पन्न होती है। अंततः वे मानवता को चुनते हैं और सैनिक की जान बचाते हैं। उनके नौकर इसका विरोध करते हैं और घर छोड़ देते हैं।

बाद में डॉ. सादाओ सैनिक को भागने में सहायता करते हैं। यह कहानी सिखाती है कि मानवता राष्ट्र से ऊपर होती है।

🔹 विश्लेषण (Hindi)

मुख्य विषय:
  • मानवता बनाम राष्ट्रवाद
  • नैतिक कर्तव्य
  • चिकित्सक का धर्म
  • युद्ध का प्रभाव
संदेश:

मानव जीवन सर्वोपरि है। सच्ची मानवता युद्ध और सीमाओं से ऊपर होती है।

🎯 Important 20 MCQs (MP Board & CBSE)

Q1. Who is the author of The Enemy?
A. John Steinbeck
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. Pearl S. Buck
D. Mark Twain
Ans. C. Pearl S. Buck
Q2. The story is set during?
A. WWI
B. French Revolution
C. Cold War
D. WWII
Ans. D. Second World War
Q3. Dr. Sadao was a?
A. Soldier
B. Teacher
C. Surgeon
D. Scientist
Ans. C. Surgeon
Q4. Hana was?
A. Sister
B. Nurse
C. Servant
D. Wife
Ans. D. Wife
Q5. Dr. Sadao lived?
A. Tokyo
B. Kyoto
C. Near sea coast
D. Hospital
Ans. C. Near sea coast
Q6. They found?
A. Fisherman
B. Japanese soldier
C. American soldier
D. Sailor
Ans. C. American soldier
Q7. Helping enemy was?
A. Safe
B. Legal
C. Crime
D. Rewarding
Ans. C. Crime
Q8. Moral conflict was?
A. Leave Japan
B. Fight war
C. Law vs life
D. Punish soldier
Ans. C. Law vs life
Q9. Sadao operated because?
A. Reward
B. Fame
C. Doctor’s duty
D. Order
Ans. C. Doctor’s duty
Q10. Servants?
A. Helped
B. Ignored
C. Left house
D. Celebrated
Ans. C. Left house
Q11. After saving, Sadao?
A. Killed
B. Hid
C. Informed General
D. Arrested
Ans. C. Informed General
Q12. General promised?
A. Reward
B. Soldiers
C. Assassins
D. Arrest
Ans. C. Assassins
Q13. General failed because?
A. Forgot
B. Arrested
C. Ill & selfish
D. Loyal
Ans. C. Ill & selfish
Q14. Soldier escaped by?
A. Train
B. Hospital
C. Boat
D. Plane
Ans. C. Boat
Q15. Supplies given?
A. Weapons
B. Gold
C. Food, clothes, boat
D. Only medicine
Ans. C. Food, clothes, boat
Q16. Soldier symbolizes?
A. Hate
B. Power
C. Humanity
D. Revenge
Ans. C. Humanity
Q17. Central theme?
A. Love
B. Comedy
C. Humanity vs nationalism
D. Adventure
Ans. C. Humanity vs nationalism
Q18. Sadao shows?
A. Anger
B. Fear
C. Moral courage
D. Pride
Ans. C. Moral courage
Q19. Lesson?
A. War is glory
B. Blind rules
C. Life above war
D. Revenge
Ans. C. Life above war
Q20. Sadao relieved because?
A. War ends
B. Servants return
C. Soldier escapes
D. Promotion
Ans. C. Soldier escapes
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